Conclusions
Conclusion
It is for all of the above reasons that I allow this appeal to the extent of setting aside the First-tier Tribunal’s decision and remitting to that tribunal.
CASE MANAGEMENT DIRECTIONS
I direct as follows—
The case must be reheard entirely afresh by the First-tier Tribunal.
The First-tier Tribunal panel which rehears this case afresh must contain no-one who was on the panel which made the decision dated 5 September 2022.
Rachel Perez
Judge of the Upper Tribunal
22 June 2025
[Corrected 7 October 2025]
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