CA-2025-001871 - [2025] EWCA Civ 1382

This appeal involves the interpretation and application of Articles 12 and 13(b) of the Hague Child Abduction Convention 1980, incorporated into the law of the United Kingdom by the Child Abduction and Custody Act 1980. The principal focus of the argument before us concerned the second paragraph of Article 12 – the “settlement” defence.