Officer Borland
Officer Borland
Officer Borland is a Higher Officer of HMRC and has been involved with the HMRC MTIC team in Cardiff since March 2012. He gave evidence as to his investigations of BTL starting on or around 15 July 2021.
We found Officer Borland to be a credible and reliable witness and accepted his evidence as to matters of fact as set out in our findings of fact.
One point of curiosity in Officer Borland’s evidence is why HMRC did not start an investigation into BTL until 15 July 2021 in spite of having evidence on 7 April 2021 that BTL was trading significant quantities of metal. Officer Borland could not explain why HMRC had not investigated BTL earlier. We refer to this point later.
- Heading
- Introduction
- summary
- Issues for determination
- Evidence and submissions
- Officer Borland
- Officer Pathak
- Mr Feldman
- Mr Granger
- Adverse inferences - Mr Perdicou
- Findings of fact
- Background – SK
- Background KG
- Background SKM
- Background SKM – Knowledge of MTIC
- SKM’s Business – control
- SKM’s business
- BTL’s business and its dealings with SKM
- Commencement of trading with SKM
- Invoices
- HMRC’s First Investigation of SKM
- SKM’s approach to Due Diligence
- HMRC’s investigation of BTL
- HMRC’s Second Investigation of SKM
- EU background
- Right to credit for input tax
- Liability to a penalty
- Officer’s Liability
- Mitigation
- Case law Authorities
- Denial of credit for input tax - Kittel
- Mobilx
- Limits of the relevance of due diligence
- Reasonable explanations for circumstances of a transaction
- the parties cases
- The Appellants’ case
- consideration of the issues
- Knowledge of the existence and prevalence of fraud in SKM’s trading sector
- Significant trade with a fraudulent defaulter
- No evidence of commercial negotiations
- Lack of contractual documentation
- Issues with invoices
- Lack of commerciality in the way the transactions were structured
- Insufficient due diligence
- Viability of the goods as described by your supplier. For example
- Examples of specific checks carried out by existing businesses
- Looking at the overall picture
- Conclusions
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