The relevant arbitration and jurisdiction agreements
9.The SpA, under which the various instalments of the price for the 20% interest in Heritage were payable, provided by clause 11.2: “The Parties submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of England and Wales as regards any claim, dispute or matter (whether contractual or non-contractual) arising out of or in connection with this agreement (including its formation)”. 10.In the circumstances which I have summarised above, in January 2019 Albion, EIGL and Mr Buckingham (but not the other three parties to the SpA) entered into the Escrow Agreement. This referred to the various claims asserted by Heritage and EIGL against Albion and Mr Buckingham, and by Albion against EIGL for the outstanding $13.3m. There were then a series of promises: i)by EIGL to pay the outstanding $13.3m into escrow; ii)by Albion, Mr Buckingham and EIGL not to instruct Charles Fussell & Co LLP to act other than in accordance with the undertaking it was giving as to the terms on which the Escrow Amount was held; iii)by Mr Buckingham to provide certain responses to queries which Heritage and EIGL had raised; iv) by EIGL to provide certain information to Mr Buckingham; v) by EIGL, Albion and Mr Buckingham, if there remained outstanding disputes after 1 March 2019, to use reasonable endeavours promptly to agree an appropriate dispute resolution procedure to resolve them, and not to commence proceedings in relation to the disputed matters prior to 1 April 2019. 11.Clauses 2.8 and 2.9 involved agreements by all parties that the transfer of funds into the Escrow Account was “entirely without prejudice to the legal rights and position” of those parties, including, in the case of Albion, “the legal rights and position … in respect of any and all claims arising as a result of EIGL’s alleged failure to comply with the terms of the [SpA] and/or any other rights which Albion … may have under the [SpA] or otherwise”. 12.Finally, and most materially for present purposes, clause 6 provided: “Any dispute or difference (whether contractual or non-contractual) arising out of or in connection with this letter (including any question regarding its existence, validity, interpretation performance or termination) shall be referred to and finally settled by arbitration in accordance with the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce by three arbitrators appointed in accordance with the said Rules. The place of arbitration shall be London, England and the language of the arbitral procedure shall be English”. 13.It was Mr Morpuss QC’s submission for EIGL that the arbitration clause in the Escrow Agreement (“the Arbitration Agreement”) had varied and supplanted the High Court jurisdiction clause in the SpA (“the Jurisdiction Agreement”) so far as the claim to the outstanding $13.3m was concerned.
- Mr Justice Foxton :
- The background
- The relevant arbitration and jurisdiction agreements
- The proper approach on a s.9 application
- Buildmaster Construction Services) v Islamic Press
- The approach to overlapping dispute resolution clauses
- BNP Paribas v Trattamento Rifiuti Metropolitani SpA
- Risk Group
- Sebastian Holdings
- Group
- Nordbank
- Savona
- Trattamento
- Services Ltd v Upaid
- UBS AG v HSH Nordbank AG
- UBS AG
- Kaltim Prima Coal
- Exploration Corp
- Analysis and conclusion
- The test for summary judgment
- Easyair Limited v Opal Telecom Limited
- Swain v Hillman
- ED & F Man Liquid Products v Patel
- Hillman
- ED & F Man
- Liquid Products v Patel
- Royal Brompton Hospital NHS Trust v Hammond (No 5)
- Pharmaceutical Co 100 Ltd
- ICI Chemicals & Polymers Ltd v TTE Training Ltd
- EIGL’s factual complaints in more detail
- Introduction
- The parties’ arguments in summary
- Arbuthnott v Fagan
- Is the right of set-off excluded by the SpA?
- Restaurants Ltd v. Indoor Leisure Ltd
- Investments Ltd
- In re Nortel GmbH
- EIGL’s case in summary
- Relief for unfair prejudice
- The Disputed Payments involved mismanagement of Heritage “on behalf of Albion” and Albion’s “failure to disclose what had occurred”
- F & C Alternative Investments (Holdings) Ltd v Barthelemy and another
- (No 2)
- The mismanagement gave rise to unfair prejudice so far as EIGL is concerned, because EIGL has suffered prejudice which cannot be remedied notwithstanding EIGL’s majority control of Heritage
- Re Legal Costs Negotiators Ltd
- Re Bird Precision Bellows Ltd
- Cool Seas (Seafoods) Limited v. Interfish Limited
- Sikorski v Sikorski and another
- Cool Seas
- Re Blackwood Hodge plc
- Re a Company
- Legal Costs Negotiators Ltd
- Re Baltic Estate Ltd (No 2)
- Re Ringtower Holdings
- The range of relief available in response to a petition for unfair prejudice is very broad, and includes a power to order Albion to compensate EIGL for its losses
- Call
- Re Chime Corp Ltd; Kung v Kou
- Foss v Harbottle
- Re Chime Corp Ltd
- Re Charnley Davies Ltd (No 2
- Is there a serious issue to be tried that the amount of such compensation in this case equals or exceeds the amount of Albion’s claim?
- The unfair prejudice claim is sufficiently closely connected with Albion’s claim to meet the test of equitable set-off
- Metaalconstructive NV v Simon Carves Ltd
- Aectra Refining & Marketing Inc v Exmar NV
- Stay
