Upper Tribunal Administrative Appeals Chamber

[2024] UKUT 105 (AAC)

Fecha: 22-Abr-2024

The structure of the Upper Tribunal’s decision

The structure of the Upper Tribunal’s decision

The following Table signposts the structure of our decision:

Subject matter	Paragraph(s)
Introduction	1-4
The structure of the Upper Tribunal’s decision	5-6
Abbreviations	7
Glossary	8
The nature of Experian’s data processing	9-12
The Information Commissioner’s Enforcement Notice	13-21
Experian’s appeal to the First-tier Tribunal	22-27
The Information Commissioner’s case before the First-tier Tribunal	28-31
The hearing before the First-tier Tribunal	32-33
The First-tier Tribunal’s decision:
The structure of the decision	34
The First-tier Tribunal’s findings	35-41
The First-tier Tribunal’s conclusions	42-46
The Substituted Enforcement Notice	47-48
The Information Commissioner’s grounds of appeal to the Upper Tribunal	49-58
The legal framework:	59
The Upper Tribunal’s “error of law” jurisdiction	60-62
Adequacy of reasons	63-66
Enforcement notices and appeals against them	67-70
The GDPR	71-82
Recitals to the GDPR	83-88
Proportionality	89-90
The EDPB: decisions and guidelines	91-94
Summary of relevant aspects of the transparency principle in the GDPR	95-96
The parties’ overarching submissions	97-103
Ground 1:
The Information Commissioner’s submissions	104-108
Experian’s submissions	109-114
Alleged overarching errors: discussion and conclusions	115-131
Alleged specific errors: discussion and conclusions	132-142
Concluding observations on Ground 1	143
Ground 2:
The Information Commissioner’s submissions	144-149
Experian’s submissions	150-155
Alleged overarching error: discussion and conclusions	156-160
Alleged specific errors: discussion and conclusions	161-179
Concluding observations on Ground 2	180-181
Ground 3:
The Information Commissioner’s submissions	182
Experian’s submissions	183
Discussion and conclusions	184-188
Ground 4	189
Ground 5:
The Information Commissioner’s submissions	190-191
Experian’s submissions	192
Discussion and conclusions	193-196
Outcome	197-198

We start our decision by dealing with some matters of terminology.